Asthma is a common lung condition that affects people of all ages. It causes your airways to become inflamed, narrow, and produce extra mucus, making it hard to breathe. The good news is that with the right management, most people with asthma can live full and active lives. It's important to seek medical advice from your doctor if you suspect you have asthma or if you have any concerns about managing your symptoms.
What to Do to Manage Asthma
Follow Your Asthma Action Plan: If you have asthma, your doctor will provide you with an action plan that outlines how to manage your symptoms and what to do if they worsen. Make sure you understand this plan and follow it.
Avoid Triggers: Asthma triggers can vary from person to person. Common triggers include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, smoke, cold air, exercise, and respiratory infections. Learn what your triggers are and try to avoid them.
Take Your Medications as Prescribed: There are two main types of asthma medications—relievers (quick-relief medications) that you take during an asthma attack and preventers (maintenance medications) that you take daily to prevent symptoms. Use them as directed by your doctor.
Monitor Your Symptoms: Keep an eye on your breathing and watch for signs that your asthma might be getting worse, like more frequent use of your reliever inhaler.
Stay Active: Regular exercise is good for overall health, including lung health. Just be sure to use your reliever inhaler before exercise if needed, and talk to your doctor about managing exercise-induced asthma.
Regular Check-Ups: Regular visits to your doctor are important to monitor your asthma, review your action plan, and make any necessary adjustments to your treatment.
First Signs of Asthma
Asthma symptoms can range from mild to severe and can vary from person to person. Common signs include:
Shortness of Breath: Feeling like you can't get enough air.
Wheezing: A whistling or squeaky sound when you breathe.
Coughing: Particularly at night, during exercise, or when laughing.
Chest Tightness: A feeling of pressure or constriction in the chest.
These symptoms can come and go and may worsen during an asthma attack, which can be triggered by allergens, cold air, exercise, or respiratory infections.
How is Asthma Diagnosed?
Asthma is diagnosed based on your symptoms, medical history, and a few simple tests:
Lung Function Tests (Spirometry): This test measures how much air you can breathe in and out and how quickly you can do it.
Peak Flow Test: This test measures how fast you can blow air out of your lungs. Lower than normal readings may indicate asthma.
Allergy Tests: Sometimes, your doctor may recommend allergy tests to identify possible triggers that worsen your asthma.
Your doctor will use these tests, along with your symptoms and history, to diagnose asthma and create a management plan.
Who is More Likely to Get Asthma?
Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing asthma:
Family History: If asthma, allergies, or eczema run in your family, you might be at higher risk.
Allergies: People with allergies, especially hay fever (allergic rhinitis), are more likely to develop asthma.
Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: Smoking or being around second hand smoke can increase the risk of developing asthma.
Environmental Factors: Air pollution, chemicals, and dust in the workplace can increase the risk, especially for adults.
Respiratory Infections in Childhood: Certain viral infections during childhood can increase the risk.
What is the Treatment for Asthma?
Asthma treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing asthma attacks:
Inhalers (Puffers):
Reliever Inhalers: These provide quick relief from symptoms by relaxing the muscles around the airways. They are used during an asthma attack.
Preventer Inhalers: These reduce inflammation in the airways and are taken daily to prevent symptoms.
Tablets: In some cases, tablets such as leukotriene receptor antagonists or steroids may be prescribed for long-term control.
Biologic Therapy: For severe asthma, newer treatments called biologics are available that target specific parts of the immune system to reduce symptoms.
Breathing Exercises: Techniques like Buteyko breathing exercises or yoga can help improve lung function and reduce symptoms.
Debunking Common Myths About Asthma
Myth 1: Asthma is Just a Childhood Condition: While asthma often begins in childhood, it can develop at any age. Adults can also be diagnosed with asthma for the first time.
Myth 2: People with Asthma Should Avoid Exercise: While exercise can trigger symptoms, regular physical activity is important for overall health. With proper management, including using a reliever inhaler before exercise, most people with asthma can enjoy physical activity.
Myth 3: You Only Need to Take Asthma Medication When You Have Symptoms: Preventer inhalers need to be taken daily, even when you feel well, to keep inflammation down and prevent symptoms.
Myth 4: Asthma is Not a Serious Condition: Asthma can be life-threatening if not properly managed. It's essential to follow your asthma action plan and see your doctor regularly.
Takeaway
Asthma is a manageable condition with the right approach. Understanding your triggers, taking your medications as prescribed, and following your asthma action plan are key steps in keeping your asthma under control. It is crucial to seek medical advice from your doctor if you have symptoms of asthma or if you need help managing your condition.
Stay informed, stay prepared, and breathe easier with good asthma management!
*Asthma is a serious condition. Always consult your doctor for personalised advice and treatment options
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